Which of the following describes the types of hearing loss?

The correct choice provides a comprehensive understanding of the types of hearing loss by including three distinct categories: conductive, sensorineural, and mixed hearing loss.

Conductive hearing loss occurs when sound cannot effectively travel through the outer ear canal to the eardrum and the tiny bones of the middle ear. This type of hearing loss can often be medically treated or resolved, for instance, through surgery or hearing aids.

Sensorineural hearing loss, on the other hand, results from damage to the inner ear (cochlea) or the auditory nerve pathways that lead to the brain. This type of hearing loss is typically permanent and often affects the clarity of sound as well as the ability to hear soft sounds. It is usually caused by factors such as aging, exposure to loud noise, or illness.

Mixed hearing loss is a combination of both conductive and sensorineural hearing loss, meaning there are problems in both the outer/middle ear and the inner ear/auditory nerve.

By including all three types, the correct choice recognizes the full spectrum of hearing loss, thus providing a more accurate and thorough description of the condition. It's essential for educators to understand these distinctions to support appropriate intervention and strategies for students who are deaf or hard of hearing.