What is the primary definition of speech reading?

Speech reading, often referred to as lip reading, is primarily defined as a technique that involves understanding speech by visually interpreting the movements of the lips, face, and sometimes the body of the speaker. This method is particularly significant for individuals who are Deaf or hard of hearing, as it allows them to comprehend spoken language by watching a speaker while also considering contextual cues and facial expressions.

The effectiveness of speech reading can vary depending on several factors, including the speaker’s clarity of articulation, the lighting conditions, and the viewer's ability to discern different lip movements. This skill is critical in facilitating communication for those who may not rely heavily on auditory information.

Other options do not align with the definition of speech reading; for instance, reading written texts aloud is more related to literacy skills than visual speech comprehension. Non-verbal communication encompasses a broader range of gestures and expressions that are not specific to speech. Additionally, phonetic transcription deals with representing sounds in written form and does not focus on visual cues for understanding speech.